Shortening sail

A trip by sailboat is one of the slowest ways of getting
from A to B.
So why, so often, does it not feel that way?

Duquesa to Gibraltar by land and by seaThere were two surprises I will always remember from my first ever sailing experience. One was seeing the distance we’d covered on a map at the end of that day, the other was seeing the plaster cast that covered my left leg at the end of that day.

I was recently reacquainted with one of these surprises and, unusually for me, it wasn’t the painful, inconvenient one. I recently had the opportunity to day sail the twenty or so miles along Spain’s Costa del Sol coastline from Duquesa to Gibraltar and then repeat the same trip just over a week later by bus.

It was an opportunity to remind myself again just how much one’s perception of time and distance can get distorted at sea.

And ponder just why that is.

By sea

Duquesa to Gibraltar by seaWe were up and about bright and early for that first day’s sail, probably because we’d all flown in the previous day and fatigue had kept the previous night’s drinking to a minimum.

Clear blue skies greeted us and the mirror-flat sea mocked us; wind was notably absent both in the present and in the forecast. We weren’t too concerned though as our first day out wouldn’t be a long trip anyway. We’d decided on a gentle, boat-familiarising hop along to coast to Gibraltar. Only the skipper had been there before and we were as keen to visit it as he was to pick up some duty free booze “for the boat”.

A sunny day in DuquesaAn easy pilotage out of Duquesa found us quickly motoring sou-sou-west towards Europa Point and the unmistakable hump of Gib. Viewed from Spain the Rock of Gibraltar puts one in mind of a giant British middle finger raised squarely in the face of the surrounding land. One can sympathise, at least a little with Spain’s irritation at Britain possession of it, at least until you remember Spain’s similarly unequivocal possession of Ceuta on the African side of the Strait.

The flat calm was a useful opportunity for the newbies aboard to play with the helm and get acquainted with the galley kettle as we watched the Costa slip by and Gib grow larger. A useful wind started to build over our port quarter as we approached the Strait and we were able to give the engine a rest and sail the rest of the way. As Europa Point came alongside in the Strait itself we grabbed a sandwich and prepared ourselves for the pilotage in.

Viewed from Spain the Rock of Gibraltar puts one in mind of a giant British middle finger raised squarely in the face of the surrounding land
With the Sunborn floating hotel recently arriving in Gib and with some construction taking place we’d been warned that visitor berths could be hard to come by in Gib itself. The skipper radioed ahead and, sure enough, there was no room at the inn. As we picked our way northwards now, through the container-ship-car-park to the west of Gib, with the wind abeam from the east and fitful as it wrapped itself around the giant rock between it and us, we put our contingency plan into action. We headed instead for the surprisingly spacious and surprisingly cheap marina at La Linea, just past the border and back in Spain, causing an unusual amount of courtesy flag activity for a five hour trip.

We arrived at siesta time so had a little wait at the visitor’s quay before sorting the paperwork and getting a berth allocated. We were tied up and enjoying our first beer of the day in a sun-baked cockpit a little after three in the afternoon.

A bit of motoring, a bit of sailing, a bit of sun and the fleshpots of Gibraltar awaiting us that evening after a shower and change of clothes. What more could you ask for?

By land

Duquesa to Gibraltar by landThe Costal del Sol was more Costa del Smog when I woke up for my last full day before flying home. With the grot forecast to give way to a windless sunny day later and with only myself and the skipper left on the boat, taking her out didn’t enthuse either of us. We decided therefore to hop on the bus to Gibraltar for some end-of-trip duty frees.

Captain Ben, as I think I’ve mentioned elsewhere, is a scrawny wee runt yet even I was nervous sitting on the bench of the rickety bus shelter on the main road outside Puerto de la Duquesa lest I bring it toppling down on top of me (fatties beware!) The busses run every hour or so and ours was only a trifle late. I managed to stay my instinct to look left rather than right for oncoming traffic just enough for us to see it coming and catch it.

Over the next hour the straight highways gave way to twisting, turning roads through the undulating Andalucía countryside. The day before Easter and a big public holiday in Spain we stopped frequently to take on passengers with the same agenda as ourselves; only for them it was pre-holiday duty frees rather than post-holiday ones they were drawn by.

A not so sunny ay in GibraltarI stared out of the window as the towns and countryside sped by, I listlessly toyed with the paperback in my backpack, I exchanged the odd few words with the skipper – though after a fortnight we’d reached the comfortable and quintessentially blokeish stage when words were sparing (at least when we were sober).

We finally arrived at La Linea bus station, a short walk from the Gibraltar land border we’d crossed just a week before and a mere stones throw away from the marina we’d berthed in that day. It had been around an hour. It seemed longer. It had been just over twenty miles. It seemed further.

I was bored and ready for a walk.

I was hungry and ready for lunch.

I was going home soon and ready for some duty free scotch.

By coincidence

To be entirely fair, public transport is an imperfect comparison class to sailing; driving would be a better one. An hour for a twenty mile journey by road is hardly stellar and following a bus route with regular stops doesn’t help. Five hours for twenty miles in a small sailboat with regular changes of course and close-quarters pilotage at either end is, on the other hand, respectable if not impressive.

Nonetheless I’m struck by how much shorter the distance felt by sea and how much quicker the time passed. By comparison the road trip seemed endless, a much longer distance over a disproportionately long time. There is just as much world to see when travelling by land and much more humanity to watch too, so why did it seem longer, further and duller?

Preconceptions may play a part here. We perceive road travel as quick, air travel as very quick, sea travel as slow. A journey by boat is perhaps more likely to surprise us on the upside and road travel surprise us on the downside.

We sail for the sailing, sailing is our activity and the travel is merely a pleasant side effect
Occupation may play a part too, on a boat you’re constantly occupied to some extent – even if you’re not on the helm there’s a lookout to be kept, navigation to be done, sails to trim and your body is constantly adjusting for the motion of the sea. It’s an activity in a way that public transport can never be, and even driving a car- following well-defined roads and routes in air conditioned comfort – will never match.

Personally though, I think “activity” is the answer I’m looking for here. Sailing is a rotten means of getting from A to B – most of us could jog faster than the average sailboat – so when travel is about the end, rather than the means, few would choose to do it this way. For me, and I suspect the majority of sailors, travel is neither the end nor the means when we sail. We sail for the sailing, sailing is our activity and the travel is merely a pleasant side effect.

We sail for the sailing and perhaps therefore the distance we travel when we do will always have the ability to surprise us. Since it isn’t why we’re out there we can be forgiven for being surprised we’ve travelled any distance at all.

Geezers in the galley – Ten random tips for the first time galley hand

Facing your first turn in the galley any time soon?
Perhaps a few episodes of Captain Ben’s Kitchen Nightmares could help.

A typical boat galleyWhile I freely and unashamedly admit my culpability for the majority of boat-borne balls-ups I’ve been party to in my time, those of the culinary variety are seldom down to me.

This isn’t the result of any talent, ability or indeed basic competence on my part. It’s largely down to a studied and accomplished avoidance of sailing with skippers who do much other than day-length hops and who usually have the evening’s bar(s) and restaurant planned out before the day’s passage is charted up.

I’ve also found that bagging washing the dishes as quickly as possible helps dodge having to prepare the dishes first.

If you’re planning any serious crewing though, the chances are you’re going to end up doing at least a turn or two in the galley before too long. Whether you’re a complete culinary clod (like myself) or whether you make Gordon Ramsey look like a Burger King patty-flipper, transferring your skills to the poky confines and scarce resources of a sailboat’s galley won’t necessarily be, er, plain sailing.

Here then are Captain Ben’s ten random tips for the first time galley-hand.

Wind warning sign1. Suffering a little wind?

Not, in this case, of a gastric variety (though that can quickly make you unpopular amongst the other crew in the confines of a thirty-odd footer overnight) but wind of the atmospheric variety. Sailboats and a breeze kinda go hand-in-hand and even when you’re motoring in a dead calm you’ll still be making a fair few knots of apparent wind yourself.

If you’re planning meals to be served on deck and on passage it’s as well to bear this in mind as a plate of salad will likely only be appreciated by the lucky fish it lands near when it blows overboard. Such dishes are best left for down below, in port or in a quiet anchorage.

A plate of salad will likely only be appreciated by the lucky fish it lands near when it blows overboard
Most boats have an auto-helm though many skippers treat them rather like Mrs. Richards treat her hearing aid in Fawlty Towers (“I haven’t got it turned on at the moment … the battery runs out”). Consequently at least one of the on deck crew will have at least one hand full with the wheel, and a need to alter sails at short notice will have everyone putting their food down. A sandwich wrapped in paper towel rather than something creative on a plate will let everyone eat at the same time. It also cuts down on the washing up.

The movement of a boat can make full cups of hot drinks something of a health risk and a positive weapon of mass destruction when changing tack. Best to keep them little over half full and stand them in the sink when filling them from the kettle.

Camping Stove2. Table d’hôte? Just say no.

If you’re a bit of a hand in the kitchen and thinking of impressing your boat-mates with a bacchanalian banquet, a choice of mains and an amusing selection of wines and digestifs, pause for a moment and imagine doing it all in constantly moving walk-in-closet with just a camping stove for company.

You’re likely to come a cropper!

Okay, it’s not quite that bad but you’re not going to have the facilities you’re used to at home. A typical sailboat “galley” has enough room for one person or two frotteurists to work comfortably. You’ll have a small sink, limited worktop space, a small oven and two small hobs to work with. And if you’re preparing a meal on passage the whole lot will be constantly pitching and rolling. Marine ovens are gimballed so they stay reasonably flat at sea, though only in one direction.

I have sailed with a skipper who rightfully takes pride in his ability to prepare an impressive three-course meal on his boat, but that takes a lot of planning, practice and experience to pull off. For the rest of us, the KISS principle wins here – keep it simple, stupid!

3. It’s okay, we’ve got some on board

Skippers are, on the whole, a bunch of tight-wads matched only by the tightness of the stowage space on their boats. For both these reasons they’ll be quick to tell you “Oh, we’ve got some of that on board” when you’re out getting supplies and you mention any ingredient you mightn’t actually need to buy.

Don’t believe a word of it!

It’s not that they’re lying, it’s just that sea air and sea water will corrode cans and turned dry goods into growth covered blocks of granite at a rate of knots their boat would only reach if you pushed it off of a cliff. If it’s important to what you’re planning to make, check the state of it on board before you head to the shops.

Typical marine oven4. It’s a gas, man

Marine ovens aren’t just small, they can be a little temperamental too.

Some can burn as well as a home oven but in my experience most struggle to come close so any dishes that require high cooking temperatures may well leave the crew hungry for long enough to cause a mutiny (even more likely if you run out of gas before you’re finished).

They all have safety devices that cut the gas supply off if it isn’t burning, which usually means you have to hold the knob in for a few seconds after the oven or hob has lit or it’ll cut out. They usually also have an ignition system which runs off the domestic battery supply but I can honestly say I have NEVER sailed on a boat where this works. Therefore you’ll have to juggle turning the knob, holding it in and lighting the gas with a match or lighter at the same time. This is especially entertaining in heavy weather and getting it wrong more than a couple of times usually means you’ll set off the gas alarm too.

Tray of french fries5. What no chip pan?

A skipper of my acquaintance tells of how her jaw nearly hit the floor when one of her crew positively insisted on cooking chips (French-fries) for dinner, a crew member who was equally shocked (though indomitably undeterred) when told there was no chip pan aboard.

The only time a skipper appreciates a pan of boiling oil on his boat is when he’s repelling pirates
There are good reasons why few boats are equipped with a chip pan and they go beyond the lack of available stowage space for the full Delia Smith range of pots, pans and other culinary impedimenta. For a start deep-frying uses a vast amount of the available cooking oil on board (most skippers wouldn’t carry enough to fill a chip pan). More importantly though boats, even at anchor or berthed in a marina, do have a tendency to move about a bit. They are also generally made of materials like fibreglass and wood, materials not generally famous for their fire retardant qualities. The only time a skipper appreciates a pan of boiling oil on his boat is when he’s repelling pirates.

Deep-frying also has a tendency to give off rather a lot of hot, smoky vapour, which leads me nicely on to…

Burning pleasure boat6. Smokin’

Due to the general flammability of the average boat, not to mention the tank of fuel, gas cylinders and other incendiary essentials on board, you’ll tend to find at least one or two nice, loud smoke alarms and heat detectors knocking about down below. Setting one off during a delicate berthing manoeuvre has been responsible for at least one dented bow I’ve witnessed and is sure to have the skipper heading ashore to buy a plank for you to walk.

Close cabin doors that have fire and heat detectors behind them when preparing anything that might set them off, open any vents or windows in the main cabin if you’re somewhere sheltered (not in a force nine at sea or you’ll sink!) and leave your electric smoker at home – it probably won’t run on 12 volts anyway.

Fire hydrant7. Water, water, everywhere, nor any drop to drink

The dull sound, like a pneumatic drill in slow motion, made by the pressurised water pump is a noise anyone who’s sailed a reasonably modern or well-equipped boat will instantly recognise. It’s more than just an annoyance to slumbering crew, it’s also an alert to the skipper that someone is depleting “his” water supply.

The extent to which fresh water preservation is an issue will depend on the type of sailing you’re doing. If you’re day hopping from marina-to-marina, replenishing the tank is just a regular chore. If you’re crossing an ocean though water will be strictly rationed. Your lives kinda depend on it after all.

In either case though, wasting water isn’t going to make a good impression. Getting used to drawing only what you need is good practice at the very least and staves off a little further the next time someone has to sit on deck for quarter of an hour pointing a hose into the water filler cap when they’d rather be in the pub.

A flat battery meter8. Power cut

Environmentalists would love the domestic side of sailing; it’s all about preservation of resources after all. Continuing this theme it’s not just gas and water supplies you need to be mindful of, but also electricity.

Anything electrical on a boat, when it isn’t hooked up to shore power, usually runs off two or three car batteries and the power in them is rather important for little things like starting the engine, powering your navigation lights and feeding the GPS. Leave the fridge open when you’re not actively using it and you can be sure the skipper will be pointing all of this out to you (at considerably greater length than I just did).

Bottle of cleaning liquid9. Seaman Stains

Another of my regular skips keeps his boat rather like a sit-com character would keep a garden shed. It is, in a nutshell, the most chaotically disorganised, tumbeldown mess I’ve ever set sail in. He’s indubitably the least anal-retentive skipper I know.

With two exceptions.

His upholstery and his teak.

Skippers are usually borderline psychotic about their teak and upholstery
Teak ain’t cheap and boat upholstery is often stitched tight around a jigsaw puzzle of padded cushions and therefore an absolute bugger when heavy cleaning is needed. Olive oil and red-wine are the most frequent culprits on the teak but there are many others (blood, at least on the upholstery, I can recently attest to). Skippers are usually borderline psychotic about their teak and upholstery so if you want to get invited back (or indeed get home safely), restrict anything that might stain to calmer conditions and take care with them.

10. Down the plughole

Blocked drain plungerBoating newbies who’ve done any sort of research usually join a boat in absolute terror of the toilet. Marine loos have an unduly bad reputation driven more by the prospect of disassembling the sewage pipes to clear a blockage than the chances of a blockage itself.

The toilet isn’t the only tight orifice waste has to negotiate aboard a boat. The sort of food scraps you’d think nothing of rinsing down a domestic sink can easily render the one in the galley hors de combat. Coffee grinds and rice are particularly adept at doing this.

Clearing a sink blockage is a lot less onerous than clearing one in the heads but can still entail an awful lot of kit being pulled out of lockers and panels being removed. Your skipper mightn’t thank you for making sure as much waste food as possible goes in the bin or over the side, but he’ll be monumentally pissed if you don’t.

Or you could just do as Captain Ben does. Pick your skippers, be the first to volunteer for the dishcloth and so long as you can whip up a quick Ginsters and cup-a-soup when you pick a wrong ‘un, you’ll do just fine.

Slime-line slashers

Mooring up in a far-off land,
I learnt the meaning of hand-over-hand

The Bloodstained Barnacle

There are dozens of ways of “parking” a boat at the end of a day’s sailing – finger pontoons, tying up alongside, rafting up, stern-to boxes, stern-to with lazylines, stern-to anchoring off, mooring buoys, anchoring; the list goes on and on.

Whilst a lucky few sailors spend their time roaming this world’s many distant shores most of us have a local cruising ground we call home, and whether since it plays to local experience or to local conditions, most of our home cruising grounds will feature but a small selection of these parking options. In my somewhat tidal and oft inclement home turf around the UK it’s almost always a finger-pontoon marina berth, a mooring buoy or an anchorage, with the occasional bit of alongside practice when topping up the diesel tank.

For many of us then a far-away sailing break isn’t just an opportunity for a change of climate, culture and crew intoxicants but also an opportunity to learn some new parking skills too.

For me, usually the hard way.

Lazy line mooring for dummies

Popular in a number of non-tidal cruising areas, where boats are somewhat more manageable at low speed and close-quarters, I recently had the opportunity to experience a bit of stern-to lazy-line mooring whilst cruising around Southern Spain and North Africa.

Lazy line mooring arrangementFor the uninitiated a lazy-line is a rope dangling from the floating pontoon or harbour wall which leads back to a seabed mooring some distance off the quay. The idea is that you reverse the boat against the quay and make her stern fast against it, then pick up the lazy-line, walk it forward hand-over-hand, take up the slack against the mooring and make the bow fast to that too. The boat is then held securely by two shorelines at the stern and one mooring line at the bow.

Lazy line moored boatIt’s a fairly straightforward system which allows the sailor easy stern-to access to the shore whilst allowing the marina owners to pack the boats in – quite literally – like sardines. And in benign conditions with little wind across the bow and no tide to worry about it’s a pretty easy one to master, even more so when the marineros – ubiquitous in many Med marinas – oblige by both securing your stern lines and handing over the lazy-line for you.

Its drawbacks are that in less than benign conditions with a gnarly crosswind hitting your bow there’s a not inconsequential period of time, between the boat losing way and the lazy-line being walked forward and secured, where your boat has no lateral support. If you’re lucky to be parking up close alongside another boat your fenders or your crew can protect both while the other boat will prevent you drifting too far. If you find yourself with enough space for your boat to swing through 90 degrees and lie alongside though she’ll do it in a thrice.

The other drawback is that the lazy-line spends most of its life underwater and ably demonstrates why antifouling is so important on the hull of a boat. Often described as slime-lines for this very reason they will be covered in marine growth that will make both your deck and at least one crewmember somewhat filthy. Depending on the competence of that crewmember, quite possibly somewhat bloody too.

Lazy line mooring with a dummy

I wasn’t actually a lazy-line virgin on this trip, it’s a method of tying a boat up I’ve previously experienced in Croatia though probably as a result of having plenty of competent crew aboard along with the skipper’s recognition of my incompetence as crew I was never promoted to the vital role of lazy-line wallah.

I can’t blame that skipper really. Getting a couple of lines on a boat is always a critical job when she’s dead in the water but getting a lazy-line on is somewhat more fiddly and inherently slower than securing a line ashore; a task which merely involves getting someone onto dry land who knows how to put a rope round something secure. The lazy-line guy has to pick up the line with a boathook, either from the quayside or from a marinero’s hand, walk it the length of the boat hand-over-hand – an obstacle course even with the widest sidedecks, pull in the slack and then tie it off.

Perhaps I’d made a better impression on this skipper, or maybe his insurance excess was just smaller, for my time had come
You want to field one of your better players for that role.

Hmmm, there’s that instruction again. Hand-over-hand. I never really understood what it meant. Fortunately I have an innate “ability” to tune-out the minor details of instructions and work them out later. I was sure I’d manage.

Perhaps I’d made a better impression on this skipper, or maybe his insurance excess was just smaller, for my time had come. I was handed the boathook like a coronation sceptre, it was my time to shine on the lazy-line.

I deftly snagged the line from the quayside, balanced it on the end of the boathook ’til I could grab it and then speedily negotiated my way forward, my nose wrinkling along the way at the grime and filth accumulating on my hands and clothes. My laundry worries were soon put out of my mind though when, about a third of the way to the bow, something slashed a deep gouge in my forefinger, providing an interesting pink tinge to the slime trail thereafter as I started drizzling blood along the deck.

Captain Ben’s top tips for the lazy-line wallah

In my defence I did finish the job and tie the line off, though I did forget to take up the slack first, essentially making a long stern line rather than a tight bow line. I put this omission entirely down to blood loss as opposed to cluelessness on my part.

The presence of female crew on board led to my barnacle wound being properly cleaned and dressed; somewhat different to wrapping a rag round it ’til the bleeding stopped which would have been the case otherwise. Given the amount of bacteria and other nasty crap that would have gotten into it at the time I’m sure that helped it heal a lot quicker. The deck was cleansed of its pink hue with a quick hosing down and we did what we always do at the end of a day’s sailing – enjoyed a hot shower with a cold beer chaser.

And I now know what they mean by hand-over-hand too. Never let a slime line slip through your hands – it’s not just slime on there but some fairly hard, sharp edged marine life can gather on it too. Alternately holding it firmly in one hand while moving the other one forward to grab it further along is what they mean and the way to go.

I do learn you see, just somewhat shambolically. And so finally, in my tradition of top-tips the books might have missed, if you find yourself bestowed the boathook for a lazy-line mooring, here are a few things you might want to bear in mind:-

  • Light deckhand glovesNever let the slime-line slip through your hands; keep a firm hold with one hand and keep the other clear while advancing. A pair of light deckhand’s gloves  can be really useful though they will need a good wash afterwards.
  • No matter how careful you are you will end up with all sorts of crap on your clothes so don’t wear anything nice in anticipation of hitting the bar afterwards.
  • If you do cut yourself, keep your blood off the teak and the upholstery if you want any chance of the skipper inviting you back on their boat.
  • Don’t forget to take up the slack when you reach the bow – your objective is to secure the boat against the mooring, not against the quay, so the “offshore” end of the line should be the tight one. This does run against your instincts which will be to get rid of the dirty damned thing as quickly as humanly possible.

And if you’re a skipper unlucky enough to draw me as crew, make sure the first-aid kit is stocked up. I think I’ve learnt this lesson, but I know there’ll be plenty more to come.